1. 检查mysql是否安装旧版，如果安装，利用rpm -e和zypper rm删除旧版
2. 下载新版mysql相应rpm安装包，利用rpm安装，rpm -ivh *
3. 修改默认配置文件位置至/etc下

   $ cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

4. 初始化mysql设置密码等

   $ mysql -u root
   $ use mysql
   mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
   mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='$hostname';
   mysql> flush privileges;
   mysql> exit

5. 重启mysql

   $ service mysql restart

6. 设置检查开机自启动

   $ chkconfig mysql onsystemctl list-unit-files | grep mysql
   $ systemctl list-unit-files | grep mysql

7. 配置mysql存放路径，编码等优化选项

   $ vi /etc/my.cnf
   [mysqld]
   # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
   # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
   innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
   
   # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
   # changes to the binary log between backups.
   # log_bin
   
   # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
   # basedir = .....
   datadir = /var/lib/mysql
   port = 3306
   # server_id = .....
   socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   
   # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
   # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
   # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
   join_buffer_size = 128M
   sort_buffer_size = 2M
   read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 
   
   sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
   
   character_set_server=utf8  
   character_set_client=utf8  
   collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
   #(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)  
   lower_case_table_names=1  
   #(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )  
   max_connections=1000  
   

CENTOS安装mysql

• 基本步骤类似，初始化时略微不同

  $ /usr/bin/mysql_install_db 
  $ service mysql start 
  $ cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root账号密码 
  The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl 
  $ mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl 
  mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456 
  mysql> exit 
  $ mysql -uroot -p123456