LNMP环境下的Memcache安装配置

于由Kael Wang发布

一、安装与配置

  1. 先安装libevent
    tar zxvf libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-1.4.13-stable
./configure  -prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
  2. 测试libevent是否安装成功
    ls -ls /usr/local/libevent/lib/
total 2084
  0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     21 Nov 15 09:51 libevent-1.4.so.2 -> libevent-1.4.so.2.1.3
368 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 373214 Nov 15 09:51 libevent-1.4.so.2.1.3
592 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 604050 Nov 15 09:51 libevent.a
  0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     26 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_core-1.4.so.2 -> libevent_core-1.4.so.2.1.3
136 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 137337 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_core-1.4.so.2.1.3
224 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 229064 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_core.a
  4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    875 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_core.la
  0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     26 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_core.so -> libevent_core-1.4.so.2.1.3
  0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     27 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_extra-1.4.so.2 -> libevent_extra-1.4.so.2.1.3
292 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 295860 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_extra-1.4.so.2.1.3
460 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 469178 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_extra.a
  4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    882 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_extra.la
  0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     27 Nov 15 09:51 libevent_extra.so -> libevent_extra-1.4.so.2.1.3
  4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    840 Nov 15 09:51 libevent.la
  0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     21 Nov 15 09:51 libevent.so -> libevent-1.4.so.2.1.3
#版本不同，可能文件列表不同。
  3. 安装memcached，同时需要安装中指定libevent的安装位置
    tar zxvf memcached-1.4.4.tar.gz
cd memcached-1.4.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent/
make && make install
  4. 测试是否成功安装memcached
    #ls -al /usr/local/memcached/bin/mem*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 258929 Nov 15 09:54 /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached

二、安装Memcache的PHP扩展

  1. 安装PHP的memcache扩展
    tar vxzf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5
/usr/local/php-fpm/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php-fpm/bin/php-config --enable-memcache
make
make install
  2. 上述安装完后会有类似这样的提示：
    Installing shared extensions:
/usr/local/php-fpm/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/
  3. 把php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”修改为
    extension_dir = “/usr/local/php-fpm/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/”
  4. 在php.ini添加两行来载入memcache扩展：
    [memcache]
extension=memcache.so
  5. 重起php-fpm
     /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
  6. 添加环境变量
    #编辑 ~/.bash_profile，将：
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin改为：
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/memcached/bin
#使 memcache环境变量生效：
source  ~/.bash_profile

三、memcached的基本设置

  1. 启动Memcache的服务器端：
    memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 192.168.121.213 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid
#参数说明：
#-d选项是启动一个守护进程，
#-m是分配给Memcache使用的内存数量，单位是MB，我这里是10MB，
#-u是运行Memcache的用户，我这里是root，
#-l是监听的服务器IP地址，如果有多个地址的话，我这里指定了服务器的IP192.168.121.213，
#-p是设置Memcache监听的端口，我这里设置了11211，最好是1024以上的端口，
#-c选项是最大运行的并发连接数，默认是1024，我这里设置了256，按照你服务器的负载量来设定，
#-P是设置保存Memcache的pid文件，我这里是保存在 /tmp/memcached.pid，
  2. 如果要结束Memcache进程，执行：
    kill `cat /tmp/memcached.pid`

    也可以启动多个守护进程，不过端口不能重复。

  3. 检查Memcached是否启动
    netstat -ant
tcp        0      0 192.168.121.213:11211       0.0.0.0:*                   LIST
#11211端口已经打开，说明Memcached已正常启动。
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