nginx编译安装和优化

于由Kael Wang发布

nginx编译安装和优化

  1. 关于nginx
    Nginx是一款轻量级的WEB服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like 协议下发行。由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，供俄国大型的入口网站及搜索引擎Rambler（俄文：Рамблер）使用。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的 并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好。下面介绍编译安装nginx并增加nginx-gridfs模块。

    $ groupadd nginx                                     
$ useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx nginx            //创建nginx的运行用户和组，方便进程管理
$ tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz                         
$ cd pcre-8.36
$ .configure
$ make
$ make install                                      //安装pcre让nginx支持rewrite 方便以后所需
$ apt-get install openssl libssl-dev                //让nginx支持ssl
  2. 利用TCMalloc优化nginx
    TCMalloc的全称为Thread-Caching Malloc，是谷歌开发的开源工具“google-perftools”中的一个成员。与标准的glibc库的malloc相比，TCMalloc库在 内存分配效率和速度上要高很多，这在很大程度上提高了服务器在高并发情况下的性能，从而降低系统负载。下面简单介绍如何为Nginx添加TCMalloc 库支持。 要安装TCMalloc库，需要安装libunwind（32位操作系统不需要安装）和google-perftools两个软件包，libunwind 库为基于64位CPU和操作系统的程序提供了基本函数调用链和函数调用寄存器功能。下面介绍利用TCMalloc优化Nginx的具体操作过程：

    #(1.)安装google-perftools
$ apt-get install google-perftools libgoogle-perftools-dev
#(2.)编译安装nginx并加入nginx-gridfs模块
$ cd /usr/local
$ git clone git://github.com/mdirolf/nginx-gridfs.git
$ cd nginx-gridfs
$ git submodule init
$ git submodule update
$ cd /usr/local/src
$ tar zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
$ cd nginx-1.8.0
$ ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_spdy_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_sub_module --with-google_perftools_module --with-cc-opt='-O2' --with-cpu-opt=amd64 --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-gridfs     
#最后两个编译参数使得编译针对特定CPU以及增加GCC的优化.
$ make && make install
$ ln -sf /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx
#(3.)为google-perftools添加线程目录
$ mkdir /tmp/tcmalloc
$ chmod 0777 /tmp/tcmalloc 
#(4.)验证是否成功
$ nginx
$ lsof -n | grep tcmalloc
nginx     27911           nginx   10w      REG                8,1        0    1441804 /tmp/tcmalloc.27911
nginx     27912           nginx   12w      REG                8,1        0    1441803 /tmp/tcmalloc.27912
nginx     27913           nginx   14w      REG                8,1        0    1441802 /tmp/tcmalloc.27913
nginx     27914           nginx   16w      REG                8,1        0    1441801 /tmp/tcmalloc.27914

     

分类： Nginx/Apache
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